And david m



(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet '1.

B. J. BEST & D M. FULTON. STONE ENGRAVING MACHINE.

No. 536,826. Patented A pr. 2, 1895.

(No Model.)

4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

B. J. BEST & 11- M. FULTON. STONE ENGRAVING MACHINE.

(No Model.) 4She'ets-Shegt 3.

B. J! BEST 8v D. MFFUL TONL STONE ENGRAVING MACHINE.

No. 536,826. Patented Apr. 2, 1895.

' Figi (No Model.) 4 Sh'eets-Sheet 4.

B. J. BEST & D. M. FULTON.

STONE ENGRAVING MACHINE.

No. 536,826. Patented Apr. 2, 1895.

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F 1 r I ,3 9 1 [a l I y -\/v|TN E5EE5-'- INVENTEIRE- BENJAMIN J. BEST,OF

PATENT OFFICE.

SHINE, NORTH CAROLINA, AND DAVID M. FULTON,

OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

STONE-ENGRAVING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 536,826, dated April 2,1895.

Application filed April 11, 1893.

letters and various designs on stone, as will hereinafter fully appear.

In the description of the said invention which follows, reference ismade to the accompanying drawings, forming a part hereof, and in which-Figure 1 is a front view of our improved ap paratus applied to a blockof stone. Fig. 2, is a top plan view of the apparatus showing the sameresting on a block of stone. Fig. 3, is a vertical sectional view of aframe carrying the engraving apparatus. Fig. 4, is a section of Fig. 3,taken on dotted lines y-y the dotted lines z-z indicating the line onwhich the section in Fig. 3 is taken. Fig. 5, isasection of the framewith its attachments removed taken on the line ac-x Fig. 3. Fig. 6, is ahorizontal sectional view taken on the line 00' Fig. 3. Fig. 7, is a topplan view showing the pattern frame carrying the stencils. Figs. 8 and9, are edge views of the said frame. Fig. 10,

' is a sectional view of the frame taken on the line a Fig. 7, showingthe peculiar manner in which the letters of the stencil are held inplace within the frame. Fig. 11, is a detail view showing one way ofholding the stencil letters in place. Fig. 12, is a sectional viewthrough the same. Fig. 13, is a view showing the construction of anumber of cutting tools. employed in connection with the invention.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the block of stone to beengraved. The top face of the stone is shown in Fig. 2, and the frontedge in Fig. 1.

The design to be engraved is cut through a pattern B,hereinafterdescribed, and the same is clamped to the face of the stone by any suitable means. In Figs. 1 and 2 the clamping devices consist of ordinaryhand screws 0.

D is the frame of the engraving apparatus which consists of a block a ofany suitable Serial No.4ii9l865. (No model.)

the block a and formed as a part of it is anopen stand ahavingacylindrical hub d at its upper end. 7,

E is a sleeve turned exteriorly so as to fit loosely in the hub d of theframe D. The upper part of this sleeve is threaded on the outside, andonto this thread is screwed the interiorly threaded hand wheel F, withthe lower part of its hub e fitting neatly over the hub d of the frameD. The sleeve E is prevented from turning independently of the hub d, bymeans of a screwfin the hub d, the point of which screw enters a slot gin the said sleeve. This prevents the sleeve from turning independentlyof the frame but admits of its being moved up and down. The hand wheelFconstitutes the means of raising and lowering Y the sleeve E.

To prevent the hand wheel from being lifted from the hub d ofthe openframe, and at the same time allow of the same being fastened at anyposition in which it may be placed, its hub e has a set screw h whichenters an annular groovej in the hub 01. See Fig. 3. Be-

tween the under side of the hub d of the stand 0 and the top of thepartition it which partition is in two parts, a fixed part whichconstitutes a portion'of the stand and a removable part attached to theother by screws m, is a shell G having a flange n soldered or otherwisefastened to its bottom. This shell is held to the partition k'by screws0 which pass through the flange n. See Fig. 4..

H is a rotary spindle turned to fit the inside of the sleeve E, and nearits lower end and in the shell G is acollar p. H has a head g whichbears against or on the upper end of the sleeve E, and a threaded stem0" to which a flexible shaft I, shown only in Fig. 1, is attached.

Between the collar 10 and the bottom of a recess 3 in the sleeve E, is acoiled spring J which yieldingly holds the head q of the spindle H incontact with the top of the sleeve E. The spindle H may however beraised independently of the sleeve and the spring J compressed, by meansof a hand lever K fu1 The spindlecrumed at t to the block a, the shortarm of which rests against the bottom of the spindle.

L is a socket into which the graving tool M is secured. The toolconsists of a drill, and it is held in the socket by a thumb screw a.The tool shown in Fig. 3 is pointed, but any other shaped cutting endadapted to the description of cut to be made, may be used.

The pattern B before referred to, consists in the present case of aframe formed of the slotted strips, 1), the slotted bars d which latterare placed over the slotted strips, and certain blocks hereinafterdescribed which are set up between the slotted bars. The bars (1' haveholes 6 through which screws are inserted to hold the bars and stripstogether. The multiplicity of holes 6' admits of the change in width ofthe frame. The edges of the bars d have dovetail grooves it, see Fig.10, which is a section of Fig. 7 taken on the dotted line m oc andbetween the bars cl are placed letter blocks N which have beveled edgesg which fit into the dovetailed grooves h in the bars. The blocks N haveletters, numerals and various designs, cut, stamped or east throughthem, and they are locked in the pattern frame in a manner similar totype locked in a chase.

In Fig. 8 both the slotted strips 1) and the slotted bars d are shown asthey would appear in looking toward the broken ends of the said strips.Fig. 9 is a similar view except that the slotted strips 1) are omitted,the bar (1 only being shown.

The drill or graving tool is made to follow the inner surface of thespaces in the block and thereby cut their shape in the surface of thestone. In letters such as D and 0, where there is a portion entirelydetached from the other, a center piece is unnecessary as the drill infollowing the inner surface of the opening, leaves the detached piecestanding; but in other letters such as M, N and F, the whole letter isshown. In some letters such as B and a, the blocks are originally madeto exhibit the outlines only, as in D and 0 but as there are two partsto stand which intersect, after the outline is cut, a supplemental blockto guide the tool, is screwed to the face of the block so that after thefirst operation, the tool may be guided in forming the intersectingstanding parts of the letter. See Fig. 7.

When standing letters are to be cut as shown in Fig. 11, a patternletter is secured in the opening in the block by means of small stripsm.

When it is desired to shade letters as particularly in script, or formthe letters with heavy and light lines, a pointed tool is used and on itis secured a rounded stop a. See Fig. In connection with the stop n theinner sides of the pattern letter where the heavy lines are to be out,are beveled as shown by the heavy lines in Fig. 7. The stop as itstrikes the beveled edges sinks deeper into the stone than where itfollows a sharp angle,

and the effect is that heavy and light lines are produced. it

It is impossible to describe all the different changcs required in thepattern blocks to produce a great variety in letters and designs, but asthe invention extends to the employment of patterns through which thegraving tool is inserted in cutting the designs, such a description, ifpossible, is, not necessary.

D is a screw projecting from the sleeve E through a slot in the shell Ghaving a pointer P, which, in connection with a scale Q, may be used toindicate any change in the vertical position of the cutting tool.

The operation of cutting letters to form words and sentences in a blockof stone consists as follows: The letter blocks which will give thedesired words are selected and then set up, as are type, and secured inthe frame. The frame is then clamped on the surface of the stone and thegraving apparatus described, placed over it. The graving tool is thenset so as to give the proper depth of cut, and after the tool spindle isplaced in rotation, the tool is made to follow the inner surfaces of thespaces in the letter blocks, the graving apparatus being drawn over thesurface of the pattern frame by hand. Then a letter is finished, and itis desired to commence another, the tool is elevated temporarily bymeans of the hand lever.

\Ve claim as our invention 1. In an apparatus forengravingletters anddesigns in the surface of ablock of stone, and through a pattern heldthereon, a liftable frame adapted to stand alone in an upright position,and to be freely slid or drawn over the surface of the pattern in anydirection by hand, a rotary spindle having means at its upper endadapted for connection to a flexible driving shaft, and constructed soas to admit of its being raised and lowered within the frame, a cutterattached to the lower end of the spindle, and means to effect theraising and lowering of the said spindle and cutter, combinedsubstantially as specified.

2. In an apparatus forengraving letters and designs in the surface of ablock of stone, and through a pattern held thereon, a liftable frameadapted to he slid or drawn over the surface of the pattern, a sleevehaving a vertical movement only, within the frame and threaded at itsupper end, a threaded hand wheel on the sleeve whereby the said sleevemay be vertically adjusted, a revoluble spindle in the sleeve carrying acollar near its lower end and a head at the top, a spring confinedendwise between the said collar and a projecting edge in the sleeve, anda cutter fastened to the lower end of the spindle, combinedsubstantially as specified.

BENJAMIN J. BEST. DAVlD M. FULTON.

Witnesses:

WM. T. HOWARD, GEO. E. TAYLOR.

